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Salary & Tax Calculator — UK, USA, Australia, Ireland, Canada, Germany

Calculate take-home pay after income tax and social contributions for six countries. UK includes employee, Ltd company, sole trader, and partnership views.

Important: This tool provides an estimate for general information and planning. It is not financial, tax, investment, or lending advice. Check current rules, rates, fees, and provider terms before making an important decision.
BreakdownAnnualMonthlyWeekly
Gross salary£35,000£2,917£673
Income tax-£4,486-£374-£86
National Insurance (Class 1)-£1,794-£150-£35
Take-home pay£28,720£2,393£552

Effective tax + NI rate: 17.9%  ·  England, Wales & NI rates

Assumptions and limitations

These calculators are for general guidance only. Tax rules change annually and individual circumstances vary significantly. Always verify figures with official government sources or a qualified accountant before making financial decisions.

Employee (PAYE) — 2024/25

  • England, Wales & Northern Ireland rates only
  • No pension contributions deducted
  • No benefits in kind
  • Standard personal allowance (not adjusted by HMRC)

Ltd Company Director — 2024/25

  • Single director, no other employees — employment allowance not available
  • All post-tax profit distributed as dividends in the same year
  • Corporation tax: 19% (≤£50k), 25% (≥£250k), marginal relief between
  • Dividend allowance: £500

Sole Trader — 2024/25

  • Enter profit after allowable expenses (not turnover)
  • Class 4 NI: 6% on £12,570–£50,270, 2% above (reduced April 2024)
  • Class 2 NI excluded — no longer compulsory from April 2024

Partnership — 2024/25

  • Each partner treated as self-employed, paying Class 4 NI independently
  • Two-partner model only
  • No salaried partners or alternative profit allocations

Tax rates verified against government sources for the applicable tax year. Subject to change — always check official government tax guidance for the most current rates.

Tips & Guide

UK income tax bands 2024/25

Personal allowance: £12,570 (no tax). Basic rate 20%: £12,571–£50,270. Higher rate 40%: £50,271–£125,140. Additional rate 45%: above £125,140. Personal allowance tapers to zero above £125,140.

US: federal vs state taxes

The US federal income tax rate for 2024 ranges from 10% to 37% across seven brackets. On top of that, most states levy their own income tax (0% in Texas and Florida, up to 13.3% in California). Social Security (6.2%) and Medicare (1.45%) are also deducted from your paycheck.

Australia: Stage 3 tax cuts (2024-25)

From 1 July 2024, Australia's Stage 3 tax cuts restructured income tax brackets. The new rates are 16% on $18,201-$45,000, 30% on $45,001-$135,000, 37% on $135,001-$190,000, and 45% above. The tax-free threshold remains $18,200.

Ireland: USC and PRSI explained

Ireland has three layers of deduction: income tax (20%/40%), Universal Social Charge (USC, 0.5% to 8%), and PRSI (4.1%). The USC was introduced in 2011 and replaced several older levies. It applies at lower rates to incomes under €25,760.

Canada: federal and provincial taxes

Canada has federal income tax (15% to 33%) and separate provincial income tax (varies by province). Quebec has the highest combined rates; Alberta the lowest. CPP (Canada Pension Plan) and EI (Employment Insurance) are also deducted — similar to UK National Insurance.

Germany: social contributions

German employees pay roughly 20-22% of gross salary in social contributions (employee share): health insurance (~8.2%), pension (9.3%), unemployment (1.3%), and care insurance (~2.05%). These sit on top of income tax, which itself is progressive from 14% to 45%.

Calculate your estimated take-home pay for the UK, USA, Australia, Ireland, Canada, or Germany. Select your country, enter your gross income, and see an instant breakdown of income tax and social contributions.

How to use the Salary & Tax Calculator — UK, USA, Australia, Ireland, Canada, Germany

  1. Select your country from the dropdown at the top.
  2. For the UK: choose your working arrangement (Employee, Ltd Company, Sole Trader, or Partnership).
  3. Enter your gross salary or annual profit.
  4. Tax and social contribution deductions are shown as annual, monthly, and weekly figures.
  5. Read the note beneath each result for important limitations and assumptions.

Examples

UK employee, £35,000

Take-home approx £27,900 — effective rate around 20%

US federal, $80,000 (single)

Approx $61,000 after federal tax and FICA — state tax additional

Australia, A$90,000

Approx A$67,000 after income tax and Medicare levy

Income tax was first introduced in Britain in 1799 to fund the Napoleonic Wars. The US federal income tax began in 1913 with the 16th Amendment. Australia introduced its federal income tax in 1915. Germany's modern income tax dates to 1920. Ireland's income tax evolved from the British system after independence in 1922.

Frequently asked questions

How much income tax do I pay in the UK?

Most UK workers pay 0% on the first £12,570 (personal allowance), 20% up to £50,270, 40% up to £125,140, and 45% above that. The exact amount depends on your full circumstances, including pension contributions and other deductions.

What is National Insurance and how much do I pay?

National Insurance (NI) funds the state pension and NHS. Employees pay 8% on earnings between £12,570 and £50,270, then 2% above that. Employers separately pay 13.8% on top of gross salary — this is not deducted from your take-home pay.

What is take-home pay?

Take-home pay is your gross salary minus income tax, National Insurance, and any pension contributions. A £35,000 UK salary typically yields around £27,500 per year (about £2,290 per month) after all standard deductions.

How does a Ltd company salary compare to PAYE?

Ltd company directors often take a low salary near the personal allowance combined with dividends, minimising National Insurance. Dividends are taxed at lower rates than salary. The calculator's Ltd view shows the combined tax efficiency of this approach.